Separable and Inseparable Phrasal Verbs.

Separable Phrasal Verbs

You can insert other words into the middle of a separable phrasal verb. Consider the following example, using the phrasal verb take back:

 

Ø    I need to take back the shirt I lent you.

Ø    Where’s that shirt I lent you? I need to take it back.

 

Inseparable Phrasal Verbs

Inseparable phrasal verbs can be transitive (i.e., they can take a direct object), but you can’t insert that direct object into the middle of the phrasal verb. In other words, they can’t be separated, thus their name. Consider the following examples:

 

Ø    If you focus your education solely on one area, you’ll have nothing to fall back on if you change your mind.

Ø    Each child should have at least one older child to look up to.

Ø    What does i.e. stand for? It stands for id est, or that is.

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PHRASAL VERBS.

Click on the link below and do the exercise on the PDF. Then check the answer key.

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Fill in the gaps with the correct PHRASAL VERB. 

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preview of part of the PDF

PHRASAL VERBS

For the sake of simplicity, the distinction between phrasal and prepositional verbs is not taken into account by some grammarians. However, this distinction is crucial, since it helps us to know where to put the object of the verb.

A phrasal verb can be defined as a verb followed by an adverb; a prepositional verb, by a preposition. Notice that a preposition takes a noun, pronoun or gerund, but an adverb does not. The following examples will help you to illustrate this:
She took her coat off. (phrasal verb)
She took off her coat.
She took it off.
He gets up early in the morning. (phrasal verb)
I’m looking for my hat. (prepositional verb)
I’m looking for it.

The combination ‘a verb + an adverb + a preposition’ is a phrasal-prepositional verb:
I will have to work very hard to catch up with the rest of the class.
She ran off with the money.
He got away from prison last night.

Say whether the combinations in the sentences below (which are given in bold type) are phrasal verbs, prepositional verbs or phrasal-prepositonal verbs.

a She went out of the building.
b Switch the light on/Switch on the light/Switch it on.
c They are looking into the matter carefully.
d She can’t put up with his bad manners.
e The policeman ran after the juvenile delinquent, but he couldn’t catch him.
f Pick it up at once.
g The thieves ran away with their loot.
h She was heading away from her home town when she realised that she had forgotten something there.
i She was heading towards the beach when I saw her.
j Put that cigarette out, please/Put out that cigarette, please/Put it out, please.
k Can we put off the meeting till tomorrow?/Can we put the meeting off till tomorrow?/Can we put it off?
l Ice turns into water when it is heated.
m How are you getting along with your wife now?
n I’ll call you back later.
o Sit down, please.
p Their car broke down.
q When you are exhausted, it is very difficult to get down to work.
r Please write it down.
s We must draw up a plan/We must draw a plan up/We must draw it up.
t Put those toys away immediately/Put away those toys immediately/Put them away.
u Now, turn over the page/Turn the page over/Turn it over.
v We’d better send for the doctor, as he’s very ill.
w Her parents are always telling her to look for a boy and settle down.
x I’m looking forward to my summer holidays.
y She couldn’t get through to you last night, as the line was engaged all the time.
z I waited for her all afternoon, but she didn’t turn up.

PRACTISE SOME COMMON PHRASAL VERBS.

Have you --found out if you won the competition yet?
I need to --get away from work and take a holiday.
My daughter is a great cook, she really --takes after her mother.
Could you --hold on a moment while I see if Marek is in his office?
She promised to --cut down her cigarette smoking to six a day.
He spent the entire night thinking and in the end --came up with a brilliant idea.
Donata --looked after my cats while I was away on holiday.
We're not ready yet, we are going to have to --put off the meeting until next week.
I'm --looking for Simon's address. Do you know it?
Mary --turned up twenty minutes late for the party.
If you really want to lose weight, you need to --give up eating desserts.
Let's --go over the grammar one more time before the test.
I was --looking for an old t-shirt when I --came across this photograph of my high school class.
Look Magda, I've --put up with your bad behaviour long enough!
You don't think I believe that ridiculous story you --made up, do you?
I think you need to --take up a new hobby to help you relax.
Jacek and Gosia --broke up last week. They just weren't happy together.
We'd better stop soon. Otherwise, we'll --run out of petrol.
Unfortunately, I had to --tell off Bob because of his poor performance recently.
Our flight was delayed, but we finally --took off shortly after midnight.
Could you speak up, please? i find it hard to hear what you are saying!!!

Teenagers tend to look up to their favourite singers or actors.

ADAPTED FROM: http://www.world-english.org/phrasalverbs.htm

VOCABULARY LEARNING FOR ENGLISH STUDENTS.

from:http://www.englishgateway.com/

Words are the first priority in learning a second language. Make a grammar mistake – people may still understand you, choose a wrong word – the chances of misunderstandings are very high.

The tips listed below have proved useful in learning and retaining vocabulary better:

1. Be a good listener. Expose yourself to the places where you can hear the native speakers of English:

If you live in a country where English isn’t dominant – listen to the English TV and radio channels ( BBC IS HIGHLY RECOMMENDED), podcasts and audio exercises on the Internet, you may even go to the most popular landmarks/attractions in your city that are often visited by English speaking tourists.

If you live in a country where English is spoken as an official language, there are more options. Sign-up for classes of your interest (fitness clubs, soccer teams, dance lessons), get involved in your child’s school (attend parent-council meetings or go to field trips) or volunteer in your community where you can be side-by-side with English speaking people.

The best thing for learning English though is making friends with the native speakers of English or people who have a good command of English. As you enjoy the friendship, there’ll be a multitude of situations in which you can hear and use English!

Absorb what you hear and try to imitate what you’ve heard. Take notes – you’re sure to encounter new information. Look up the new words and expressions when you get a chance. Try to remember the situations in which the new vocabulary appeared – it will help you to retain it better. Your visual memory will help to associate the words with the situations you came across with in the past.

2. Pay attention to the words surrounding one another. Some words go together well while others don’t. Good matches are called collocations and they often determine to what extent your speech sounds natural. (make a mistake/an effort but do homework/laundry)

3. Recognize groups of words that jointly create one meaning. These are phrasal verbs (verbs and particles), consisting of two or more words, that make sense only if considered together (call off=cancel, figure out=solve).

Remember, that the particle doesn’t always come immediately after the verb – it may appear a number of words apart from the verb, making it challenging to process the speech right away.

4. Idioms, expressions in which words cannot be understood literally, are a tough nut to crack (are difficult to deal with).

Some can be understood from the context, but some cannot – and therefore learners who truly want to communicate the way the native speakers of English do – should devote time to learning those ‘tricky phrases’.

After all, they are the ‘juice’ of the language – they’re descriptive (on the dot: exactly), humorous (when the pigs fly: never), cultural (average Joe: ordinary person) and colorful (pitch dark: very dark).

Create plenty of English learning opportunities (in addition to the English classes that you may be taking), and see yourself advance quickly in identifying, understanding and actually using the phrases in conversation yourself, naturally.

PHRASAL VERBS!!

-put on (weight) ... ... gain (weight)
I try not to eat too much chocolate because I put on weight very easily.
-Account for - To explain
They had to ACCOUNT FOR all the money that had gone missing.
-Answer back - To reply rudely to someone in authority
Her mother was shocked when she started ANSWERING her BACK and refusing to help.
-Ask out - To invite someone for a date
He wanted to ASK her OUT but was too shy.
-Ask for - Request to have or be given
I ASKED FOR the menu.
-Be up to - Doing something naughty or wrong
What are those kids UP TO?
-Be taken aback - Be shocked or surprised
I WAS TAKEN ABACK when I saw him because he's lost all his hair.
-Be fed up - Be bored, upset or sick of something
I AM FED UP of his complaints.
-Calm down - Stop being angry or emotionally excited
When I lose my temper, it takes ages for me to CALM DOWN again.
-Do without - Manage without something
There's no sugar, so you'll have to DO WITHOUT.